@Article{PaugamWoosFreiMart:2016:ReApEs,
author = "Paugam, Ronan and Wooster, M. and Freitas, Saulo Ribeiro de and
Martin, M. Val",
affiliation = "{Kings Coll London} and {Kings Coll London} and {Instituto
Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {University of
Sheffield}",
title = "A review of approaches to estimate wildfire plume injection height
within large-scale atmospheric chemical transport models",
journal = "Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics",
year = "2016",
volume = "16",
number = "2",
pages = "907--925",
abstract = "Landscape fires produce smoke containing a very wide variety of
chemical species, both gases and aerosols. For larger, more
intense fires that produce the greatest amounts of emissions per
unit time, the smoke tends initially to be transported vertically
or semi-vertically close by the source region, driven by the
intense heat and convective energy released by the burning
vegetation. The column of hot smoke rapidly entrains cooler
ambient air, forming a rising plume within which the fire
emissions are transported. The characteristics of this plume, and
in particular the height to which it rises before releasing the
majority of the smoke burden into the wider atmosphere, are
important in terms of how the fire emissions are ultimately
transported, since for example winds at different altitudes may be
quite different. This difference in atmospheric transport then may
also affect the longevity, chemical conversion, and fate of the
plumes chemical constituents, with for example very high plume
injection heights being associated with extreme long-range
atmospheric transport. Here we review how such landscape-scale
fire smoke plume injection heights are represented in larger-scale
atmospheric transport models aiming to represent the impacts of
wildfire emissions on component of the Earth system. In particular
we detail (i) satellite Earth observation data sets capable of
being used to remotely assess wildfire plume height distributions
and (ii) the driving characteristics of the causal fires. We also
discuss both the physical mechanisms and dynamics taking place in
fire plumes and investigate the efficiency and limitations of
currently available injection height parameterizations. Finally,
we conclude by suggesting some future parameterization
developments and ideas on Earth observation data selection that
may be relevant to the instigation of enhanced methodologies aimed
at injection height representation.",
doi = "10.5194/acp-16-907-2016",
url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-907-2016",
issn = "1680-7316 and 1680-7324",
language = "en",
targetfile = "Paugam_a review.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}